About Transistor

The transistor and its consequence

1947 William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain invented the transistor. Initially, it was only used as amplifiers, but soon recognized its suitability as a fast switch. At the beginning of the 50s then the transistor was in mass produced and major customers was the military. Shockley and his colleagues received the 1956 Nobel Prize for inventing the transistor. Shortly before he was founding his company Schockley Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory. It provides eight engineers, mainly from the east coast of America – the so-called Shockley Eight. He settled his company near Palo Alto, because of the climate and proximity to the university and also because his mother came from there and therefore he was a little locals.

However, engineers abandoned in 1957 because of disagreements over the product Shockley and founded their own company: Fairchild Semiconductors. It was the first company to exclusively produce silicon semiconductors. Its founders were Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore. Fairchild Semiconductor manufactured significant things like the “planarprocessor”. Then like an explosive new start-ups were founded. Almost all can be found at Shockley /Fairchild back. Even the beginnings of well-known companies such as National Semiconductor and Advanced Micro Computer Devices (AMD) are to find at Fairchild. 1968 withdrew Robert Noyce of Fairchild back and founded Intel (Integrated Technology). Texas Instruments and Motorola are two of the few major semiconductor companies that are not in Silicon Valley have emerged. Almost the entire rest of the semiconductor manufacturer in North America began in Silicon Valley.

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